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Can your cell phone help you shed pounds? New research says yes. Sari Harrar reports on three subtle—and surprising—strategies for achieving your ideal weight.
Ever heard of the twilight zone diet? It's the one where you swear you're doing everything right but still can't drop a pound. Part of the problem may be that your intentions don't match your actions: Recent Cornell University research found that people tend to underestimate the calories they're eating by as much as 38 percent. And they exaggerate how much exercise they get, overestimating calorie burn by as much as 62 percent, according to a University of Texas study. Add these findings together, and you could be 100 percent stuck."While hundreds of studies have looked into how environmental factors, such as sun damage and smoking, are associated with facial ageing, conclusive data has been elusive. The reason is that despite the size and thoroughness of the studies, they weren't able to control one of the most important contributors of ageing – genetics. Because the twins' genetic make-up was identical, the differences in how old they looked could be attributed solely to external factors, and not to "good or bad" genes."
The body mass index (BMI) of each twin was was calculated by dividing their weight in kilograms by their height in metres squared. The ideal BMI for an adult is between 18.5 and 25. Anyone with a BMI lower than 18.5 is classed as underweight. "The twins were divided into groups based on a four-point BMI difference," explains Guyuron. "A BMI higher by four points was found to result in a younger appearance of between two to four years in women over 40 years old."
Rajiv Grover, Consultant Plastic Surgeon and Secretary of the British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, has welcomed the findings. "It gives scientific credence to what we always thought but couldn't prove, which is that it is not what your mother looks like, but volume-loss that makes you look older," he says. ''The more fat that is preserved in the face, particularly the cheeks, the more you will preserve the facial proportions of youth.
"Excessive dieting will give a woman a gaunt appearance by leading to volume loss in the midface [cheeks]. This volume loss can be compounded by yo-yo dieting, where not only do you create volume loss, but also stretching of the facial supporting ligaments due to repeated facial volume gain and volume loss, which causes deeper nose to mouth lines and jowls.''
Some of the other external factors that influence ageing come as no surprise: for example those who enjoyed an outdoor life, or who were careless with their sun protection aged faster. Twins who smoked and drank also aged faster, and more visibly.
But other findings were more surprising. Marital status was found to be a key factor in the ageing process, with women who have divorced looking older than their married or single counterparts. "The twin who is divorced appears about 1.7 years older than the twin who is not divorced," says Dr Guyuron.
In addition, a twin who suffered from depression and who took anti-depressant medication for the condition looked "significantly older" than a twin who had no history of anti-depressant use. Research suggests that the reason for this could be the ageing effects of stress, and the persistent relaxation of facial muscles which can be an effect of long term anti-depressant use.
While loss of volume in the face can be combated by maintaining a healthy weight, what about the things that are harder to control, such as a predisposition to depression or a partner asking for a divorce?
"Of course you can't control these things, but you can control how you handle them", says Dr Linda Papadopoulos, a psychologist and author of several books on psychology and skin disorders. "The idea that being in a happy relationship is going to keep you looking younger, for me is a no-brainer. Being in a happy marriage, or indeed any social support system, has a protective effect on our health and our looks.
"We accept that stress can cause skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema, but research has also shown that one of the biggest contributing factors to skin ageing is stress," she says. "It's not so much the fact that you are divorced that will give you wrinkles, it's how you deal with it. If you are divorced and happy, then you'll look good.
"Emotional stress influences the immune system and this will manifest in changes in the skin. When we are tense, the body produces cortisol which can speed up the metabolism, resulting in stress break-outs on the skin surface and premature ageing. So yes, divorce, or being depressed, could age you for this reason."
Dr Nick Lowe, consultant dermatologist at the Cranley Clinic in London, routinely refers patients with skin conditions to psychotherapists, because the underlying cause of skin problems and deterioration is often stress-related. "Stress interferes with the systems that repair and regulate the skin, and hormones associated with stress, such as cortisol, weaken the skin.
Rajiv Grover agrees that stress and depression are key factors in ageing. "I believe ageing occurs in spurts rather than in a linear fashion. One trigger for an ageing spurt is a period of stress – recent divorce, illness, and bereavement or work problems. All these are related to depression which could accelerate volume loss from the midface, which therefore loses its youthful heart shape." However, he adds that a youthful outlook and joie de vivre are also significant characteristics in those who retain a young appearance.
Dr Papadopoulos says the new findings are positive ''but only if we read them in context. You shouldn't look at it and think, 'I'm divorced and depressed etc, so that's it…' If you turn it on its head, it is really encouraging because it suggests that if you learn to cope with stress, and learn to accept your body, then you cannot only change the way you think, but the way you look, too."
Dr Guyuron agrees: "What we've essentially discovered that is, when it comes to your face, it is possible to cheat your biological clock.
Childhood obesity is set before the age of five, ministers will hear from researchers later.
Compared to children in the 1980s, today's youngsters are fatter and most of their excess weight gain happens before school age, they will say.
This suggests initiatives to prevent childhood obesity should be started before school, suggest the authors.
The EarlyBird Diabetes study of 233 children from birth to puberty is being published in the journal Pediatrics.
One in four children aged four to five in England are overweight, latest figures show.
Disease 'of our time'
At birth, the children in the study were of similar weight to babies 25 years ago, but had gained more fat by puberty compared with children of the same age in the 1980s.
The bulk of this excess weight was gained before the children were five.
Weight at five years bore little relation to birth weight, but closely predicted weight at nine years old.
Before an obese girl reaches school age she will have already gained 90% of her excess weight, and boys will have gained 70% of their excess weight.
Lead researcher Professor Terry Wilkin, of the Peninsula Medical School, Plymouth, said: "When they reach the age of five the die seems to be cast, at least until the age of puberty.
"What is causing it is very difficult to know."
He said there must be a factor now that was not there 25 years ago which is making today's children obese.
And, given the young age, this is likely to be in a child's home rather than school environment and linked to upbringing rather than schooling.
Diet blamed
Rather than lack of physical exercise, he believes diet could be to blame.
"It is entirely possible that the calorie density of food and portion sizes could be higher."
Professor Wilkin said there had been a lot of focus on school meals, PE time, school runs, television viewing and computer games in the development of childhood obesity, but these are all issues for school age children.
But he said the mandatory measurement of the height and weight of all children in England on school entry at the age of four or five could be helpful, not only as a record of national obesity trends, but also as a pointer to future risk for the individual child.
Sir Liam Donaldson, the chief medical officer for England, said it was no exaggeration to describe soaring rates of obesity as an "impending crisis".
He said: "We need to get in early and build the foundations to healthy living from a very early stage."
However, he added: "It is never too late. Obesity is one of the few serious medical problems that can be reversed very, very quickly."
Sir Liam said eating five portions of fruit and vegetables a day was one of the most important elements of a healthy diet.
David Haslam, of the National Obesity Forum, said: "It is never too late or too early to intervene. The earlier the better in terms of long-term outlook."
He said early childhood obesity was likely to be down to environment and learned behaviours.
Getting to the gym can be difficult and is very time consuming in our busy lives. For example tonight I have a board meeting, so I can’t get to the gym. So I go to my local dog park and make up my own cardio exercise. Like for example these great stairs. I go up and down them for 15 minutes solid with out stopping. Huffing and puffing as I go up, but I know I’m burning calories as I go.
This week the scale has been nice to me once again, but I have had to work hard to get over my hump! To date I have now lost 130 pounds!
Here is a list of my TOP 10’s tips I use to lose weight
By Greg Landry & Wendy (with my own comments!)
1. Know the benefits of exercise. We are more motivated to do things that we'll benefit from. The more we benefit, the more motivated we are. For example, if I told you I'd give you a million dollars to take a 30-minute walk tomorrow morning, would you do it? You bet you would! The benefits of exercise aren't quite that compelling, but they are pretty motivating! You will benefit tremendously from consistent exercise. For many people, that's very motivating!
* **For me : 1 million dollars = not having to take ANY prescription drugs any more that had to do with obesity!
2. Create your personal "reasons list." Keep a piece of paper and pen handy for a couple of days. Jot down EVERY reason you can think of that you want to get healthy/get fit/lose weight through consistent exercise. Real life example: I spoke to a lady a couple of months ago who could only think of two reasons that she wanted to lose weight and get fit. I told her to think about it for a couple of days and she came up with a list of over 30 reasons, such as: more energy to spend quality time with her family at night to be able to fit into all the clothes in her closet to be able to live a long, healthy life and to enjoy time with her children, husband, and grandchildren (eventually) to not be uncomfortable in public to not become breathless climbing stairs to be able to do "active" things with her family and friends to be able to play on the floor with her children to be able to wear nice clothes Her list goes on, but you get the picture. Make a long, extensive list. This may not seem important, but it is critical to be able to read this list when your motivation to exercise is waning. It's a powerful way to quickly get "re-motivated"!
***For me – my “ reason list” , was not being able to walk for more than 5 minutes without totally being out of breath, and a horrendous pain in my hips. I do not want to be in wheelchair like my mom was at the age of 60! I do not want to die of ‘ Fatty liver disease, what my mom died of because her history of obesity.
3. Exercise with a friend. Statistics tell us that people who exercise with a friend are more successful at exercising consistently. You can keep each other accountable. Knowing that someone is waiting or you to exercise with them can be great motivation to show up and get it done!
* **For me – my friend is my trainer! She is my biggest motivator!
4. Exercise first thing in the morning, every morning. Folks, if you're really serious about this exercise thing, then get serious about it. Our bodies were made to be active on a daily basis, and when we are, all sorts of wonderful things happen. We even get healthy and fit! People who exercise 6 to 7 days per week first thing in the morning are much more successful at exercising consistently than those who do the 2 or 3 day thing. It doesn't have to be a huge workout everyday. Get out there and take a 30-minute walk.
*** For me – I work out at night, but have done a few mornings, and I can see the most benenfit is that once you have done it in the morning , at least it’s done! And you can sit on that couch at night when you get home at night! But for me the couch is STILL a very dangerous area! Couch = eating!
5. Train for a local 5K or 10K walk or run in your area. This can be great motivation to exercise on a regular basis. I've seen many people transformed from couch potatoes to lean, mean, exercising machines because they decided to enter and train for a competition like this. Don't think you can't do it...YOU CAN!
***For me – yuup.. last summer I took part in to marathons, the Breast Cancer and AIDS walks… very satisfying and motivational for sure!
6. Reward yourself! Real life example: Claire from Atlanta told me that she puts $3 in a piggy bank every time she exercises. She gives herself the freedom to spend this money on things she normally wouldn't buy for herself. She says she usually ends up with more than $70 per month!
***For me – I buy myself new clothes.. like a reward ! and few household items.. and oh ya.. tickets to concerts!
7. Keep records. Write down your exercise time (minutes) each day. Keep a running total for the month and year. Calculate your average exercise time per day. Set some lofty goals! :)
***For me – that’s done by my ‘ Bodybugg’
BONUS TIPS
Make your exercise as enjoyable as possible. For example, if you're a walker, you may want to get a good cassette or CD player to listen to music or books on tape, etc. If you're exercising inside, set up a TV so that you can watch it while exercising. On the other hand, you may just prefer peace and quiet. Do whatever makes exercise most enjoyable for you.
***For me – yuup.. at home my treadmill is infront of the Computer TV, and at my gym, all the machines are hooked up with new HDTV wide screen TV’s.. plus I listen to my ipod with really good headphones, that cut out the NOISE from the gym around me!
You are much more likely to exercise consistently if you enjoy it.
Wear good shoes that are appropriate for what you're doing. Injuries seriously affect your motivation to exercise. Most people, especially walkers and runners, wear their shoes far too long. Worn out shoes will make you much more prone to injuries. My absolute favorite place to buy shoes is "Road Runner Sports." It has great prices, but most importantly, its catalog includes a great chart for determining which shoes are best for you based on numerous factors. Even if you don't buy shoes from them, this chart is great to have. See results and get compliments. That's really motivating! GO FOR IT!
***For me – I just bought new runners.. I had no idea, but indeed you need to replace your runners every 8 months.. or you will feel the effects.. !! ( not good)
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